Rudolph Flesch wrote two famous books, “Why Johnny Can’t Read” (1955) and “Why Johnny STILL Can’t Read” (1981). I read both books twice, years apart, and had the sense that Flesch was intelligent and honorable. (My reviews of these books are on Amazon.)

In short, I had a high opinion of Rudolph Flesch. Recently, however, I have had to reevaluate my opinion. Not downward! No, here is the startling thing. I am more and more thinking Flesch was among the great intellectuals of the 20th century. He was able to tell the world in 1955 everything there was to know about a complex subject, namely, learning to read English. Perhaps that doesn’t seem so extraordinary to you. Let me make the case.

First of all, every part of “Why Johnny Can’t Read” remains as sharp and true as the day it was published. Of all the scientific and technical material written in 1955, how much would remain standing today?

However, it is not the book’s content but its context that places Flesch at the pinnacle. His book contradicted every truth about reading then taught in the schools of education throughout the land. All the experts rushed to attack him. Every professor of education defamed him. Flesch was alone in the arena surrounded by savage lions. Or at the very least braying hyenas.

Very few rallied to his defense. Many parents saw his wisdom. But I’m speaking now of the elite managers who claim to protect the flames of knowledge. These people shouted that Flesch was a crackpot, a malcontent, a misfit beyond the fringes of academic respectability. His insistence on phonics was entirely wrong, they said. Reading must be taught with sight-words. Indeed, these people formed the haughty International Reading Association (IRA) in 1955 so they could gang up on Flesch and try to curtail his influence.

Here’s the kicker. These people and their descendents are still saying the same things, still denigrating Rudolph Flesch. There’s a vast horde of these people, a veritable army of dunces, or so it seems to me.

It’s precisely the magnitude of the opposition that has prompted me to elevate Flesch to the zenith of American civilization. There have been many lonely geniuses. But typically, after a time, the truth prevails and shortsighted opposition falls into the dust. None of this happened in Flesch’s case. He died in 1986 thinking his life had been a failure.

The vast extent of the opposition is proved by the fact that still today millions of teachers and parents ignore what Flesch said, and continue to teach reading in a way that doesn’t work. Here is a truly sad comment left, in the year 2010, on a website for teachers:

“I am desperate for help, advice, or a solution! I have a student who is in 2nd grade. He repeated 1st grade due to his reading inability. He turned 9 last fall. He’s a straight A student in all subjects, except reading. He struggles with sight words above the primer level. He can fly through pre-primer and primer words in a flash, yet if you take four or five of those same words–even the exact same cards–and lay them out in a sentence form, it’s as though it is a foreign language to him. After his first year in first grade, his parent had his vision tested and he did have a vision problem, even underwent vision therapy. His parents work with him at home, yet he simply cannot put it all together enough to read fluently….Anyone have any ideas that can help me help him? It is really wearing on his self-esteem.”

This pattern is very common now. A child is reportedly above average in every way…except this one little thing called reading. Invariably, such children have been taught with sight-words. This poor kid, it seems to me, is a victim of child abuse. The parents must suffer daily with the belief that their son is defective. This teacher was clearly miseducated in some goofy teachers college, an intellectual ghetto from which Flesch had been banished. This teacher is teaching sight-words EVEN AFTER massive failure spread over several years. Flesch wrote his book to stop exactly this scenario; but there it is, today.

Don Potter, reading expert, gives us a sweeping picture of what the anti-Flesch forces have managed to achieve:

“The situation across the country is dramatically worse that anyone can possibly imagine. When I ask the teachers why they teach sight-words, they inevitably tell me because their students are going to be assessed on them. They are totally unaware that sight-words are positively harmful. They consider sight-words part of a good reading program that includes some phonics, not realizing that sight-words create a reflex that interferes with phonics instruction. Sight-words are an obstacle to reading, not an aid.”

Now do you have some sense of why Flesch was one lonely G.I. Joe trying to subdue a Panzer Division?

Consider the vast apparatus that makes all this craziness possible. For convenience we call that apparatus the Education Establishment. There’s little good you can say about these people, other than that by being so obtuse and rigid, they have made Flesch look smarter and better as the years go by.

(NB: I’m convinced that these elite educators have been able to keep sight-words in play for so long ONLY because book-reading parents, comfortably literate for a decade or two, can’t begin to grasp what sight-words demand of children. I’ve written an article that tries to put adults in the child’s place; please see “40: Sight Words–The Big Stupid” on Improve-Education.org. For more articles about reading, see “42: Reading Resources.”)

Bruce Price is the founder of Improve-Education.org, a high-level education and intellectual site. One focus is reading: see “42: Reading Resources.” Price’s fifth book is “THE EDUCATION ENIGMA–What Happened to American Education.”

1. Make it something you are interested in. If possible, you should make sure that you only do reports on something that you yourself find interesting. Sometimes, of course, you don’t have a choice on what to do your report on, but hopefully you can find points of interest even in the boring things. For instance, if you have to do a report on the economy of Australia, and you are interested in surfing, try and explore the effects of surfing on the economy of Australia. If your teacher gives you a choice of a few different topics, choose the one that interests you the most.

2. Make it entertaining. Not just for them, but for you too. Try and get creative by perhaps making up a skit or a play, coming to class as a certain character, or making some food at home and bringing it in. This will not only make things more interesting for your audience, you will have a lot more fun while you are putting your report together.

3. Do it Now. As soon as you get the assignment, start brainstorming ideas off the top of your head. You may not revisit them until a week or a few days before the report, but you’ll be glad you have these ideas written down when crunch time is approaching. We’d love to tell you not to procrastinate at all, and that would be greatly preferable, but the reality is that most people will, at least a little bit. Get in the habit of brainstorming early, then you’ll at least have some notes to come back to and work off of when you are feeling the pressure.

4. Make It A Team Effort. First of all, have a talk with your teacher (a great partner for the initial brainstorming session), and ask him or her if they have any ideas or good places to start. Another good idea might be to partner up with someone, either for the whole project, or for certain parts, such as a skit, if you are going that way. You and a friend can help each other with your reports and that way you’ll have much more fun, as well as being able to bounce ideas off someone.

5. Make it Attractive. There are lots of different ways you can make your written material stand out. Go to a copy shop or look around online for different ways to put your pages together. If the report is longer and more serious, you can make a little booklet to hand out with your scripts, graphics, and statistics in it. Make it something that your audience will want to hold on to for a long time.

6. Use Many Sources. Don’t just Google something, or go to the Wikipedia page, and halfheartedly scribble something down. Go talk to the school librarian, conduct some interviews (maybe even on video), or bring something tangible in. It is not that much more effort, and you’ll find that it’s even fun. It is these small touches that will make your report shine.

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Just knowing that your thesis will go in front of the great minds of the thesis committee for review is enough to stress out even the most level-headed person, but with a little bit or planning and a lot of hard work your thesis can come out perfect and impress even the most staunch person on the committee.

For the most part a thesis can be broken down into different parts and these parts are as follows:

• Title Page: Items such as your name as the author, your institution, and your department go on the title page.

• Abstract: This is a concise and readable explanation of the importance of your thesis.

• Table of Contents: List of all headings and subheadings with page numbers.

• List of Figures: Here you will list all figures in your thesis with a page number.

• List of Tables: Here you will list all tables in your thesis with a page number.

• Introduction: Many choose to write this section last as you can’t write a good introduction without knowing what the thesis will be about.

• Methods: This is where all calculations and other information go that will allow the reader to formulate the believability of your results.

• Results: This will be your actual statement of your observations. Include graphs and tables to backup your work.

• Discussion: Written in brief essay style this is where you will compare trends, compare past works, and use other such methods.

• Conclusions: This will be the strongest and most compelling statement you can formulate drawn from your observations.

• Recommendations: Here you will want to offer further research resources to fill in any possible gaps.

• Acknowledgements: Anyone such as an advisor who helped you will go in this section.

• References: Here is where you give credit where credit is due.

• Appendices: This makes for a quick reference for those reviewing your thesis.

When writing your thesis critical analysis is the key. Those who review it will be looking for you to answer a specific question or hypothesis by gathering vast amounts of evidence and then turning it all into a judgment or interpretation. Your results should be clearly discussed and if there is any relevant source that you use you needs to be sure that you cite it.

Perhaps the biggest mistake that some make when preparing for their thesis is in estimating the time it will take to write it. You should start early and give yourself the time you will need in order to write the best thesis possible. Remember, your thesis will be one of the last things standing in your way when it comes to obtaining your degree so you need to be sure that it is well thought out, well planned for, and written in the best possible manner.

Jason Kay recommends downloading professional sample thesis papers to help you write your own.

What if you’re face to face with the assailant, and you know you’re about to get tackled? What should you do then? If you have a self defense device, it’s a wise idea to pull it out so that you can get away quickly. But what if you’re completely unarmed? If you plan to hit and kick your way out of the situation, should you be the first one to strike?

Martial arts teachers are divided over the issue of the pre-emptive strike. On the one hand, most traditional training begins with the “assailant” attacking the student. As a result, many students think that they can wait for someone to attack them, at which point the student deftly escapes the attack using their martial arts techniques. Although these strategies work well in practice, will you really be able to escape such a situation by beginning to fight back only after the attack has already begun? These techniques may not work, because fighting in a martial arts competition and real fighting on the street are two completely different things, requiring two completely different techniques.

As a result, many martial arts teachers are beginning to encourage the pre-emptive attack in real self defense situations. In other words, hit them before they hit you. Many people, however, shy away from making the first move. Maybe they’re not very confident in their fighting skills. Maybe they’re worried about the law. Won’t they get in trouble for initiating the attack?

The short answer is, no. Whether you use a self defense device, or protect yourself using your fists, as long as you can show that the attack was indeed imminent the law allows you to protect yourself physically. If you can show that there was nothing you could do except fight back physically, the law should be on your side.

In the end, it is often unwise to wait for your attacker to get his hands on you before you put up a defense. Once you’re already grappling with an assailant, how easily will you be able to pull out your pepper spray or get into position for one of the martial arts moves you know? You will find it very difficult to defend yourself if you wait until you’re already in this situation. By allowing the attack to happen without putting up a pre-emptive defense, you lose control of the situation. It’s always best to run away from the situation, if at all possible, but if not, you should be the one to make the first move. If the attack is truly inevitable, you have no reason to wait.

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If you have a home or backyard wedding, you can also save money on catering. Having a dedicated barbecue wedding is another way to make your wedding budget stretch and save big bucks provided you have family members ready to pitch in and do the cooking. You can serve steaks and shrimp or even hot dogs and hamburgers if you do not mind having some fun with the event. Many find this not only inexpensive but down home and charming. It is almost like combining a family reunion with a wedding. You can have the best of these worlds and throw in some family friends as well.

If you have a big garden at your wedding site home, you can theme the wedding to fit the garden. There are spring wedding favors and even garden wedding favors that are inexpensive and tons of fun. Your guests will feel much more comfortable at an event like this and if you really wanted to make it more relaxed, let them know that it is a casual affair.

If you plan this type of wedding, it is a great idea to provide many activities that will keep your guests and the children occupied and provide a fun and memorable atmosphere. You can have horseshoes and yard tennis contests between the families; the groom’s family verses the bride’s family provided that everyone gets along.

There are companies in most towns that you can rent tables and chairs for the wedding and also caterers who will cook and serve. You will need to place the band near a power source if you have musical entertainment but with this kind of wedding; a CD player and your favorite music will do just as well and save you more money.

Having a down home country wedding is a great way not only to save money but it will make your wedding much more relaxed and bring out the best in your guests. There are always family and friends who are ready and willing to pitch in and make sure that everything goes just right. I have always enjoyed going to these events, as they are so much more fun than a stuffy wedding at a chapel or wedding hall.

Many people think that the food at a home-style wedding is much better than catered food and will appreciate the good home cooking. Save even more money by having the guests chip in and bring food with them. While some folks think this is tacky, close knit families relish the idea and enjoy being involved and chipping in to make it a great time for everyone. There is nothing like family to come to the rescue and make what could be a difficult and hard to plan and manage wedding a wonderful and easy success.

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Adamnan had reported the first sighting of the creature in the 7th century book- Life of St. Columba. In the book, he explained how Columba rescued a Picts, who was supposedly attacked by the monster at river Ness (not the Loch). On the contrary, no violent incident has been reported until date. Critics expelled the existence of Nessie, by claiming that the book has many natural and supernatural tales, which cannot necessarily relate to present happenings.

Many people claimed the alleged sightings of the monster. However, Peter Martin and Sam Jacobs revealed the first apparent statistics of the monster in the sighting of July 1933. Nessie is supposedly 4 feet high, 25 feet long, and has long, narrow neck. Later that year, another witness Margaret Munro, evidently saw this huge creature that had elephant-like skin, a long neck, a small head and two short forelegs.

Nessie’s proof of existence has been digressive since the photographic material, and sonar readings are debatable. No conclusive evidence either in form of skeletal ruins, definitive tissue samples, spoor or live animal detention has been uncovered. However, Nessie received a taxonomic name - Nessiteras rhombopteryx in 1975.

Critics in favour of their argument explain; it is beyond the bounds of possibility that a cryptid can survived long enough to explain all the sightings over the centuries. A small herd of creatures must exist that have survived over these centuries, yet managed to remain hidden from discovery. An act of balancing, which again is unthinkable.

Assuming Nessie’s existence plesiosaur is the usual candidate that is assumed to have survived extinction. Another option that seems to support claims is that the creature is a giant eel.

Amongst the supposedly evidence of Nessie, the “Surgeon’s Photograph” is the most prominent. Photographed by gynecologist Robert Kenneth Wilson in April 1934, it was the only photographic evidence of a “head and neck”. The image was revealed as a hoax in 1994.

In 1987, Operation Deepscan, the biggest sonar exploration of Loch Ness took place. Twenty-four boats equipped with sonar were deployed across the whole width of the lake and they simultaneously sent out acoustic waves. After analyzing the SONAR images and echogram data, Darrell Lowrance (Founder of Lowrance Electronics) commented, “There’s something here that we don’t understand, and there’s something here that’s larger than a fish, maybe some species that hasn’t been detected before. I don’t know.”

The cosmic acknowledgement of Nessie has brought commercialization to the Loch. There are many “Nessie hunting” boat trips available for tourists. If Nessie is not spotted, the tales spun by the locals sure will entertain you.

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Healthy eating relates to the consumption of equitable quantities of foods from each of the “five” food groups to lead a healthy life style. A well-balanced diet plays a crucial role in the significance of healthy eating. Nutrition experts suggest, for a good diet, individuals’ must incorporate fruits and vegetables, whole grains, meat and beans, milk and dairy, and fats and oils.

World Health Organization recommends to consume ample vital amino acids to provide “cellular replenishment and transport proteins”. These can be found in animal sourced proteins and some selected plant sourced proteins.

It is estimated that one third of all cancers could be prevented if the whole world ate a good diet. It also protects from diabetes, osteoporosis, heart disease, strokes, and rotting teeth.

Healthy eating is about feeling replenished, happy and energetic and building a strong defense against diseases. Healthy eating begins with eating smart –pay a close attention to your diet in addition to being healthy, it should be palatable. Once a sumptuous meal is prepared, you must chew

The strategy for a healthy diet is to choose foods that improve health through an expanded menu of sumptuous food items. Paying attention to what you eat is substantially important. Chew every bite and savor the flavours it offers. When sitting at the dinning table, use your complete concentration on the food and avoid any possible distractions like T.V., exercising, driving, or arguing, stress causes indigestions and flatulence causing problems like colitis and heartburn, why to tax our digestive system, when we are aiming to improve the complete body’s health. Prefer playing soothing music, or enjoy a candlelight dinner. Eating food in a relaxed atmosphere enhances the digestion process.

Never indulge yourself in eating; when you’re not hungry, overeating causes obesity, which in turn causes diabetes, coronary heart diseases and high blood pressure. Therefore, eating in moderation enables an alert mind, an active body and a happy heart.

The best way to healthy eating is eating in moderation and eating often, jumpstart your day with an early breakfast comprising of juices, eggs and cereals, the first meal of the day is essential to deal with the challenges and stress that the day offers. Also, eating small, healthy meals the entire day, in comparison to the standard three large meals, enables a much better response of the metabolism and helps you avoid snack attacks.

Health eating comprises of eating fresh foods. It’s advisable to buy foods from a local farmer’s market, than from the supermarket. Locally grown food is fresher, hence more nutritious and palatable than the foods that are shipped across continents and arrive at our supermarket shelves or grocery stores. Perhaps, growing organic fruits and vegetables in your backyard or garden would provide an array of much healthier and hygienic foods as they are tended by you and are eco-friendly. Every little effort to save the environment counts.

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It is a well-known fact that the Indian Epics contain information on science and medicine, which are currently embraced, researched and used by the Western world. There are numerous authentic text that are still left untouched, as their translation from old Sanskrit to the current languages is yet under scanner.

Indian Emperor Ashoka formulated a “Secret Society of the Nine Unknown Men”: These men were supposed to catalogue the many sciences, which were kept under secrecy because these manuscripts contained potent information, which could fuel war. Being converted to Buddhism, he was against bloodshed and feared getting trapped into the vicious cycle of war again, if these texts came out in the open.

The nine unknown men wrote the nine books. The first book focused on “The Secrets of Gravitation” and deals with gravity control. According to the manuscripts ancient India had flying machines that were called “Vimanas”. These are described as double-deck, circular aircraft with portholes and a dome, much as we would imagine a flying saucer. It flew with the “speed of the wind” and gave forth a “melodious sound.” There were at least four different types of Vimanas and the ancient Indians, wrote the entire flight manuals on the control of these Vimanas. .

In the Samarangana Sutradhara (Flying vehicles construction manual) there are 230 stanzas dealing with the construction, take-off, cruising for thousand of miles, normal and forced landings, and even possible collisions with birds. A scientific treatise dealing with every possible facet of air travels in the Vimana. Further, steering, precautions for long flights, protection of the airships from storms and lightning and how to switch the drive to “solar energy” from a free energy source which sounds like “anti-gravity were added to the manual by a 4th Century B.C. scientist.

The Vaimanika Sastra (Flying Saucer Manual) contains eight chapters with diagrams, describing three types of aircraft, with apparatuses that could neither catch fire nor break. It also mentions 31 essential parts of these vehicles and 16 materials from which they are constructed. Since, these materials absorbed light and heat; they were considered suitable for the construction of Vimanas.

Vimanas were powered by “anti-gravity.” They took off vertically, and were capable of hovering in the sky, like a modern helicopter. These ancient scripts hold exquisite details of 70 authorities and 10 experts of air travel in antiquity. It’s presumed that some of these text might also talk about interplanetary travel, but that will be revealed in due course of time, when translators will be able to comprehend these manuscripts. However, the great Indian epic - Ramayana holds description of a trip to moon in the Vimana and a battle fought on the surface of the moon with an airship.

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Is alien abduction or UFO sighting real events? People from all walks of life, religion, occupation and ethnicity have witnessed a flying, shining disc. And, many claim to have encountered contact with extraterrestrials through physical or psychological interventions. Usually the contacts are malevolent; forced medical tests conducted on the victims.

To assert that UFO is an extraterrestrial spacecraft is a delicate task, numerous claims have been subjected to examination and all of them have not exhibited any conclusive proof. Usually, photographic anomaly or a deceptive multimedia graphic comes forth in the limelight of the acclaimed photographs. However, when all such possibilities are ruled out, only then it can be safely proclaimed that extraterrestrial spacecraft are UFOs, until then we have to continue our journey into the scientology world.

According to a 1996 research, approximately 4 million Americans have claimed to been whisked aboard an alien craft unwillingly and subjected to medical experiments, or sexually assaulted. Victims have showcased their abduction through implants, cattle mutation or crop-circles, all of which contain no exclusive proof of being raided by extraterrestrial, and some are mystical in nature. Scientists have formulated theories that can provide a comprehensive explanation to these evidences.

Ufology is the branch of science that studies the existence of UFOs and extraterrestrial life. Scientists have categorized extraterrestrial species into three categories –The Grays, Humanoids and Beast Like Aliens.

The Grays are described as highly evolved alien species who are up to 5 feet tall, have large heads, thin arms and legs, large shiny, opaque black eyes, and are remarkably intelligent. They have frequent occurrence as reported by witnesses.

Humanoids or Nordics are usually reported in Europe. They are super-humans, often referred as space brothers and carry an attractive and friendly poise.

Beast Like Aliens are ordinarily reported in South America and Africa. They include furry little monsters, giant blobs, Cyclopes, and giant insects.

According to a retired government physicist - Bob Lazar, alien aircraft operates on antigravity-propulsion. The craft generates its own gravitational field, compelling it to move forward at a perpetual cascading motion. The craft is built for rapid space travel, and appear to wobble and move sporadically when hovering or traveling at slow speeds. Fascinatingly numerous eyewitness descriptions stands in accordance with this theory.

It is fiercely believed that US government holds secret organizations like Men In Black and Jason Society, who engage in suppressing the extraterrestrial existence amongst human kind. The notorious “Roswell Incident” has led us to believe that the United States Government has commenced with aliens to abduct and conduct experiments on human in lieu of their technology.

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Avocados are brimming with monounsaturated fat, vitamin E, folic acid, potassium, beta-sitosterol, lutein and fiber. A super food that reduces bad cholesterol (LDL), protects from cardiovascular diseases, provides defense against prostrate cancer, and arrests cataracts. Easily digestible, which makes them ideal for people who have problems digesting the fatty foods.

Red Wine and Green Tea contain essential compounds like polyphenols, antioxidants and flavonoids, beneficial for cardiovascular health and impede the cell-oxidation process, thus delays ageing.

Citrus fruits like oranges, lemon, lime, and grapefruit contain bioflavanoids responsible for anti-inflammatory and inhibit blood coagulation in veins and arteries. Contains antioxidants, beneficial in naturally dawdle the ageing process.

Garlic and Almonds lowers blood pressure and increase good cholesterol-HDL, while reduces the bad cholesterol-LDL. Regular consumption prevents blood from loosing its natural density, which otherwise may cause certain blood diseases.

Walnuts are an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids, constructive in fighting against heart disease. Our body cannot manufacture this vital fat, thus, a powerful reason to consume walnuts everyday.

Research shows, a habitual consumption of oatmeal reduces cholesterol up to 23%. Oats have a lesser impact on the blood sugar levels, therefore an excellent food grain for diabetics.

Cruciferae vegetables like cauliflower, cabbage and broccoli contain antioxidants that boost the immune system and help fights against breast, colon and lung cancers. Research has revealed that Broccoli contains sulforaphane, a lethal compound that efficiently fights cancer and prevents it.

Berries are an abundant source of antioxidants, Vitamin C and soluble fiber, which inhibits cell damage and improve our chances of not falling prey to cancer. Blueberries help reverse the short-term memory loss. A regular consumption of blueberries by the elders will improve their graying memory.

Spinach contains Lutein, a natural weapon against age related macular degeneration; it prevents cataracts, partial blindness in the elderly. No doubt Poeye –The Sailor Man consumes it everyday!

Tomatoes contain terrific levels of Lycopene, a powerful antioxidant that protect tissues and cells from damage.

Lean meat like Turkey contains Selenium that inhibits cancer development, improves the immune system, and supports the regulation of thyroid hormone. Counted as the leanest protein foods, with lower calories, thus making it an excellent healthy food choice.

Fatty Fish like salmon contains the Omega-3 fatty acids, which prevents heart disease and stroke by lowering the body’s rate of blood clotting.

Cocoa the main ingredient for chocolate provides flavenoids (antioxidants), which provides defense against heart disease and cancer. However, there is a high fat content, and therefore, dark chocolate with a high cocoa percentage must be preferred over the others

As the research continues to seek the essential nutrients for health benefits, it’s been found that many of these 13 healthiest super foods have been consumed since generations, and the recent ones are packed with vitamins and minerals with exciting health benefits.

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